{"id":962,"date":"2018-03-08T23:18:10","date_gmt":"2018-03-08T23:18:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/?page_id=962"},"modified":"2018-03-12T19:25:41","modified_gmt":"2018-03-12T19:25:41","slug":"bipolaridade","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/problemas-comuns\/bipolaridade\/","title":{"rendered":"Doen\u00e7a bipolar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 165.0px; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 62px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Doen\u00e7a Bipolar<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><i>A doen\u00e7a bipolar \u00e9 uma perturba\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento cerebral que provoca varia\u00e7\u00f5es no humor muito intensas e, consequentemente, mudan\u00e7as nos n\u00edveis de energia e de atividade e tamb\u00e9m na capacidade de executar as tarefas do dia-a-dia.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Queda-folha.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1062 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Queda-folha.gif\" alt=\"Queda folha\" width=\"615\" height=\"324\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Quando o equil\u00edbrio se perde<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">A doen\u00e7a bipolar \u00e9 uma perturba\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento cerebral que provoca varia\u00e7\u00f5es no humor muito intensas e, consequentemente, mudan\u00e7as nos n\u00edveis de energia e de atividade e tamb\u00e9m na capacidade de executar as tarefas do dia-a-dia.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Nas pessoas com doen\u00e7a bipolar as varia\u00e7\u00f5es do humor muito intensas, envolvem fases de <\/span><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><b>depress\u00e3o<\/b><\/span> <span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">e de <\/span><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><b>mania<\/b><\/span> <span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">ou<\/span> <span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><b>hipomania<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none;\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Uma fase pode predominar numa mesma pessoa e demorar dias, semanas ou meses.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">A doen\u00e7a pode come\u00e7ar em qualquer idade, durante ou depois da adolesc\u00eancia, mas metade de todos os casos come\u00e7a antes dos 25 anos de idade. Algumas pessoas t\u00eam os primeiros sintomas na inf\u00e2ncia, enquanto noutras a doen\u00e7a come\u00e7a mais tarde.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 242.0px; height: 56.0px; background-color: rgba(255, 212, 121, 0.23); padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-align: center; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o online em curso<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-align: center; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">TEM SINTOMAS DE BIPOLARIDADE?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px; text-align: center; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/forms\/d2e9Ck157BGeVQHF3\" target=\"_blank\">Clique para participar<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><strong>Atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong> (12 mar 2018): Entre 2012 e 2014 responderam 22\u00a0pessoas. A m\u00e9dia de idades foi de 27\u00a0anos. A maior parte das pessoas a responder tem sido do sexo feminino (63,6%), licenciada (31,8%) ou com 12\u00ba ano (31,8%). Trinta e seis por\u00a0cento s\u00e3o pessoas com doen\u00e7a bipolar diagnosticada.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Quais s\u00e3o os sintomas da doen\u00e7a bipolar?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Os sintomas da doen\u00e7a bipolar s\u00e3o graves e s\u00e3o diferentes dos altos e baixos que qualquer pessoa pode ter ocasionalmente.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">As mudan\u00e7as de humor provocam altera\u00e7\u00f5es nas emo\u00e7\u00f5es, ideias e comportamentos, podendo implicar o preju\u00edzo dos relacionamentos e o fraco desempenho escolar ou profissional.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">No entanto, a doen\u00e7a bipolar pode ser tratada e as pessoas com esta doen\u00e7a podem ter vidas completas e ricas.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 19.0px; background-color: #ebebeb; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Na fase de <\/b><\/span><span style=\"-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><b>mania<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b> predominam os sintomas<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 200.0px; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Humor elevado<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Euforia ou irritabilidade<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Excesso de energia<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Rea\u00e7\u00e3o excessiva aos est\u00edmulos<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Altera\u00e7\u00f5es emocionais s\u00fabitas<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Pensamento e fala acelerados<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Aumento do amor-pr\u00f3prio<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Aumento de interesse em v\u00e1rias atividades<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Diminui\u00e7\u00e3o das necessidades de dormir e comer<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Aumento da vontade sexual<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 19.0px; background-color: #ebebeb; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Na fase de <\/b><\/span><span style=\"-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><b>hipomania<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b> predominam os sintomas<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 120.0px; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Aumento de energia e atividade (n\u00e3o t\u00e3o severos como na mania)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Sentimento de bem-estar<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Aumento da produtividade<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Nesta fase, a pessoa pode sentir que n\u00e3o h\u00e1 nada de errado. No entanto, sem o tratamento adequado, a pessoa pode evoluir para depress\u00e3o ou mania grave.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 19.0px; background-color: #ebebeb; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Na fase de <\/b><\/span><span style=\"-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><b>depress\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b> domina<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 130.0px; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Humor triste<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Desespero<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Ideias de culpa, inutilidade, fracasso ou de morte<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Perda de interesse<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Ins\u00f3nia ou hipers\u00f3nia<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 Diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da vontade sexual<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Por vezes, as pessoas com fases graves de mania ou depress\u00e3o podem ter sintomas psic\u00f3ticos, como del\u00edrios ou alucina\u00e7\u00f5es. Os sintomas psic\u00f3ticos tendem a refletir o estado de humor extremo em que a pessoa se encontra. Por exemplo, os sintomas psic\u00f3ticos num epis\u00f3dio de mania podem incluir a cren\u00e7a de que se \u00e9 famoso ou de que se tem poderes extraordin\u00e1rios. Da mesma forma, em fase de depress\u00e3o, os sintomas psic\u00f3ticos podem envolver a cren\u00e7a de que se est\u00e1 arruinado ou de que se cometeu um crime.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">As pessoas com esta doen\u00e7a podem tamb\u00e9m desenvolver outros problemas de comportamento, como alcoolismo, depend\u00eancia de drogas\/medicamentos, conflitos relacionais, desempenho escolar fraco ou desemprego. H\u00e1 que ter em conta que o consumo de \u00e1lcool ou drogas pode piorar os sintomas bipolares. S\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m comuns outras doen\u00e7as, tais como perturba\u00e7\u00f5es de ansiedade (p. e., perturba\u00e7\u00e3o de stress p\u00f3s-traum\u00e1tico, perturba\u00e7\u00e3o de p\u00e2nico, ou fobia social),\u00a0perturba\u00e7\u00e3o de d\u00e9fice de aten\u00e7\u00e3o, doen\u00e7as da tiroide, enxaquecas, doen\u00e7as card\u00edacas, diabetes e obesidade.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Como \u00e9 que a doen\u00e7a bipolar evolui ao longo do tempo?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">A doen\u00e7a bipolar geralmente dura uma vida inteira. Os epis\u00f3dios de mania e de depress\u00e3o normalmente regressam ao longo do tempo. Entre os epis\u00f3dios, muitas pessoas com doen\u00e7a bipolar est\u00e3o livres de sintomas, mas algumas pessoas podem ter sintomas persistentes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">De acordo com o Manual Estat\u00edstico das Doen\u00e7as Mentais h\u00e1 quatro tipos de doen\u00e7a bipolar:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none;\"><b>Perturba\u00e7\u00e3o Bipolar I<\/b> <\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">que se define por epis\u00f3dios de mania ou mistos que duram sete dias ou por sintomas de mania t\u00e3o graves que a pessoa precisa de internamento hospitalar. Habitualmente, a pessoa tem tamb\u00e9m fases de depress\u00e3o que duram pelo menos duas semanas.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none;\"><b>Perturba\u00e7\u00e3o Bipolar II<\/b> <\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">que se define por um padr\u00e3o de epis\u00f3dios depressivos alternando com epis\u00f3dios de hipomania.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none;\"><b>Perturba\u00e7\u00e3o Bipolar Sem Outra Especifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b> <\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">que consiste numa doen\u00e7a sem os crit\u00e9rios de diagn\u00f3stico anteriores, mas em que os sintomas est\u00e3o claramente foram do \u00e2mbito de comportamento normal da pessoa.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-font-kerning: none;\"><b>Perturba\u00e7\u00e3o Ciclot\u00edmica <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">que \u00e9 uma forma moderada de doen\u00e7a bipolar e em que a pessoa tem epis\u00f3dios de hipomania alternados com epis\u00f3dios de depress\u00e3o moderada.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Algumas pessoas podem ser diagnosticadas com perturba\u00e7\u00e3o bipolar de ciclos r\u00e1pidos. Nesta perturba\u00e7\u00e3o, as pessoas t\u00eam quatro ou mais epis\u00f3dios de depress\u00e3o grave, mania, hipomania ou misto num ano. Algumas pessoas fazem viragens de humor numa semana, ou mesmo num dia. Esta perturba\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais comum em pessoas com doen\u00e7a bipolar grave, em pessoas que desenvolveram a doen\u00e7a em idades mais jovens e em mulheres.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">A doen\u00e7a bipolar e as consequ\u00eancias pessoais e sociais t\u00eam tend\u00eancia a piorar se a doen\u00e7a n\u00e3o for tratada. Ao longo do tempo, a pessoa pode ter epis\u00f3dios mais frequentes e mais graves do que no in\u00edcio da doen\u00e7a.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">O diagn\u00f3stico e o tratamento apropriados ajudam as pessoas com doen\u00e7a bipolar a levarem uma vida saud\u00e1vel e produtiva. Na maioria dos casos, o tratamento pode ajudar a reduzir a frequ\u00eancia e a gravidade dos epis\u00f3dios.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Quais s\u00e3o as causas da doen\u00e7a bipolar?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">As causas da doen\u00e7a incluem aspetos gen\u00e9ticos e cerebrais. No entanto, as fases da doen\u00e7a podem ser desencadeadas por aspetos comportamentais (altera\u00e7\u00e3o das rotinas quotidianas e priva\u00e7\u00e3o do sono), pelo tipo de personalidade, pelos acontecimentos de vida ou por comportamentos altamente dirigidos para um objetivo.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">A doen\u00e7a bipolar tem tend\u00eancia a ocorrer em fam\u00edlias: crian\u00e7as com pais ou irm\u00e3os com esta doen\u00e7a t\u00eam uma probabilidade 4 a 6 vezes maior comparada com crian\u00e7as cujas fam\u00edlias n\u00e3o t\u00eam a doen\u00e7a. No entanto, os estudos com g\u00e9meos verdadeiros t\u00eam mostrado que o g\u00e9meo da pessoa doente nem sempre desenvolve a doen\u00e7a.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Como se diagnostica a doen\u00e7a bipolar?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">O m\u00e9dico ou psic\u00f3logo s\u00e3o as pessoas indicadas para fazer o diagn\u00f3stico. Ambos podem fazer uma entrevista cl\u00ednica e questionar a fam\u00edlia para garantir que fazem o diagn\u00f3stico correto. O m\u00e9dico far\u00e1 an\u00e1lises, exame neurol\u00f3gico, ou imagiol\u00f3gico para eliminar outros diagn\u00f3sticos poss\u00edveis.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">O maior problema decorre do facto de o doente procurar principalmente ajuda quando est\u00e1 deprimido, pelo que a recolha de informa\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser cuidadosa, envolvendo as pessoas que conhecem bem o doente.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #d66322; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #d66322;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Como se trata a doen\u00e7a bipolar?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Atualmente n\u00e3o h\u00e1 cura para esta doen\u00e7a, mas h\u00e1 tratamentos que ajudam a pessoa com doen\u00e7a bipolar (incluindo as formas graves) a controlar as viragens de humor e os sintomas.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Avenir Light'; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Para al\u00e9m do tratamento medicamentoso, que habitualmente \u00e9 para toda a vida, \u00e9 importante a psicoterapia. Ambos os tratamentos ajudam a prevenir reca\u00eddas e a reduzir a gravidade dos sintomas. Cabe ao doente perceber que \u00e9 essencial a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o das rotinas di\u00e1rias e o envolvimento em atividades calmas e n\u00e3o stressantes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 22.0px; background-color: #ebebeb; padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"middle\">\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0px 0px 5px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Perturba\u00e7\u00e3o Bipolar: Conceitos-chave de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 473.0px; height: 300.0px; background-color: rgba(255, 212, 121, 0.23); padding: 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px 4.0px; border: 1.0px solid #000000;\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 <b>Esperan\u00e7a<\/b>. Com a boa gest\u00e3o de sintomas, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel experimentar longos per\u00edodos de bem-estar. Acreditar que pode lidar com a sua doen\u00e7a bipolar \u00e9 t\u00e3o preciso como essencial para a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #584d4d;\">\u2022 <\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Perspetiva<\/b>. A depress\u00e3o e a mania-depress\u00e3o seguem muitas vezes padr\u00f5es c\u00edclicos. Embora possa passar por alguns momentos dolorosos e possa ser dif\u00edcil de acreditar que as coisas v\u00e3o melhorar, \u00e9 importante n\u00e3o perder a esperan\u00e7a.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #584d4d;\">\u2022 <\/span><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Responsabilidade pessoal. <\/b>Cabe a si tomar medidas para manter o seu humor estabilizado. Isto inclui pedir ajuda a outras pessoas quando precisar dela, tomar a sua medica\u00e7\u00e3o como prescrito e manter compromissos com seus provedores de cuidados de sa\u00fade.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 <b>Auto-representa\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b> Torne-se um defensor eficaz de si mesmo, para que possa obter os servi\u00e7os e tratamento que precisa, e fazer a vida que quer para si mesmo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 <b>Educa\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b> Saiba tudo o que puder sobre a sua doen\u00e7a. Isso permite-lhe tomar decis\u00f5es informadas sobre todos os aspetos de sua vida e do seu tratamento.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px 8.5px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">\u2022 <b>Suporte.<\/b> Cabe-lhe a si trabalhar para o seu bem-estar. No entanto, o apoio dos outros \u00e9 essencial para manter a sua estabilidade e melhorar a sua qualidade de sua vida.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b><i>Fonte<\/i><\/b>: Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; color: #e0782c; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #e0782c;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Refer\u00eancias<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Este texto baseia-se ou adapta os textos seguintes:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Akiskal, H. S. (2005). Mood disorders: Clinical features. Em B. J. Sadock, V. A. Sadock (Eds.), <i>Kaplan &amp; Sadock&#8217;s comprehensive textbook of psychiatry.<\/i> Filad\u00e9lfia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">American Psychiatric Association. (2000). <i>The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders<\/i> (DSM-IV-TR), (4.\u00aa ed., texto revisto). Washington, DC: APA.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Bizzarri, J. V., Sbrana, A., Rucci, P., Ravani, L., Massei, G. J., Gonnelli, C., Spagnolli, S., Doria, M. R., Raimondi, F., Endicott, J., Dell&#8217;Osso, L. e Cassano, G. B. (2007). The spectrum of substance abuse in bipolar disorder: reasons for use, sensation seeking and substance sensitivity.<i> Bipolar Disorder, 9<\/i>(3), 213-220.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Fountoulakis, K. N., Kasper, S., Andreassen, O., Blier, P., Okasha, A., Severus, E., &#8230; Vieta, E. (2012). Efficacy of pharmacotherapy in bipolar disorder: a report by the WPA section on pharmacopsychiatry. <i>European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 262<\/i>(Suppl 1), 1\u201348. doi:10.1007\/s00406-012-0323-x<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Fusar-Poli, P., Howes, O., Bechdolf, A., &amp; Borgwardt, S. (2012). Mapping vulnerability to bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. <i>Journal of Psychiatry &amp; Neuroscience, 37<\/i>(3), 170\u2013184. doi:10.1503\/jpn.110061<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Goodwin, F. K. e Jamison, K. R. (2007). <i>Manic-depressive illness: Bipolar disorders and recurrent depression<\/i> (2\u00aa Ed.). Nova Iorque: Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. <i>Archives of General Psychiatry, 62<\/i>(6), 593-602.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Krishnan, K. R. (2005). Psychiatric and medical comorbidities of bipolar disorder. <i>Psychosomatic Medicine, 67<\/i>(1), 1-8.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Kupfer, D. J. (2005). The increasing medical burden in bipolar disorder. <i>JAMA, 293<\/i>(20), 2528-2530.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Huxley, N. A., Parikh, S. V. e Baldessarini, R. J. (2000). Effectiveness of psychosocial treatments in bipolar disorder: state of the evidence. <i>Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 8<\/i>(3), 126-140.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Singh, J., Guang, G. e Canuso, C. M. (2012). Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder. Em Gross, G. e Geyer, M. A., <i>Handbook of experimental pharmacology<\/i> (pp. 187-212). Springer Berlin Heidelberg<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Miklowitz,\u00a0D. J. (2006). A review of evidence-based psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder. <i>Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67<\/i>(Suppl 11), 28-33.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Nurnberger, J. I., Jr. e Foroud, T. (2000). Genetics of bipolar affective disorder. <i>Current Psychiatry Reports, 2<\/i>(2), 147-157.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Schneck, C. D., Miklowitz, D. J., Miyahara, S., Araga, M., Wisniewski, S., Gyulai, L., Allen, M. H., &#8230; Sachs G. S. (2008). The prospective course of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: findings from the STEP-BD. <i>American Journal of Psychiatry, 165<\/i>(3), 370-377.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Schneck, C. D., Miklowitz, D. J., Calabrese, J. R., Allen, M. H., Thomas, M. R., Wisniewski, S. R., Miyahara, S., &#8230; Sachs,\u00a0G. S. (2004). Phenomenology of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: data from the first 500 participants in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program. <i>American Journal of Psychiatry, 161<\/i>(10),1902-1908.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Schneider, M. R., DelBello, M. P., McNamara, R. K., Strakowski, S. M. e Adler, C. A. (2012). Neuroprogression in bipolar disorder. <i>Bipolar Disorders, 14<\/i>(4), 356-374.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Scott, J. e Etain, B. (2011). Which psychosocial interventions in bipolar depression? <i>Encephale, 37<\/i>(S3), S214-S217.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; text-align: justify; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\">Selvaraj, S., Arnone, D., Job, D., Stanfield, A., Farrow, T. F., Nugent, A. C., Scherk, H. &#8230; McIntosh, A. M. (2012), Grey matter differences in bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies. <i>Bipolar Disorders, 14,\u00a0<\/i>135\u2013145. doi:\u00a010.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01000.x<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Avenir; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: #000000; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-kerning: none;\"><b>Autores<\/b>: Helena Esp\u00edrito-Santo, 2012-2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Doen\u00e7a Bipolar A doen\u00e7a bipolar \u00e9 uma perturba\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento cerebral que provoca varia\u00e7\u00f5es no humor muito intensas e, consequentemente, mudan\u00e7as nos n\u00edveis de energia e de atividade e tamb\u00e9m na capacidade de executar as tarefas do dia-a-dia. Quando o equil\u00edbrio se perde A doen\u00e7a bipolar \u00e9 uma perturba\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento cerebral que [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":230,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-962","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=962"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/962\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/helenumblog.ismt.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}